Apparatus for treating liquids with gases or gases with liquids.



. u ramnedV sephlsymoz. A." vosMAEn & A. LEBRET.

APPARATUSFURTREATING LIUUIDS WIATH GASES 0B GASES WITHLIllLllIJS.4

(Application led Apr. 2, 1902.)

UNITED STATESN PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER voSMAER, on WATERGRAAESMEER, AND ADRIAAN LEBRET,

oF UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS, ASSIGNORS To oZoN MAATSCHAPPY SYS- TEEM A. voSMAER, E AMSTERDAM;NETHERLANDS.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING'LIQUIDSWITH GASES 0R GASES WITH LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming pari'. 0f Letters Patent No. 709,379, dated September 16, 1902.

Application leclV April 2, 1902. Serial No. 101,036. (No model.)

` ro which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to that class of apparatus in which any kind of` a liquid has to be put intocontact with a gas-suon` for instance, as apparatus for treating water I by means of ozone, gas-purifiers, and generally all apparatus in which the gas and liquid to be put into contact with each other preferably circulate in opposite directions. An

. essential and important condition is to assure 2o in this kind of apparatus the passage of the gas through the liquid in as iine a state of division' as possible in order to produce as complete a contact as possible between the gas and liquid and to simultaneously prevent ,z5 the gaseous bubbles from being carried with the liquid moving in the opposite direction.

It is particularly diflicult to simultaneously `fulfil these two conditions, since the division of the gaseous current into comparatively small particles or bubbles can only be eected in the liquid itself by opposing to the said current a comparatively great resistance, the result of which is to cause the gas to follow the way offering the least resistance-that isto say,that of the outlet-opening through which 'the liquid (in the ordinary way flowing in the opposite direction to the gas) passes out. Thus u it'appears that the desiredA results can only be `obtained atthe'eXpense of each other, the

`sion of the gaseous current into bubbles causin-g the gas to be carried. away by. the liquid and rendering even those measures ineffective which might have been taken in order to prevent this inconvenience.:

. The object of the present invention is to y overcome these difficulties and to provide an means hitherto used for producing the divi-` apparatus in which the gas can be divided into exceedingly small bubbles without the said bubbles being carried away by the liq- 5o uid escaping from the apparatus.

With-a View to obtaining this object the invention essentially consists in operating the division of the gaseous current at the moment it passes into the liquid in such a manner that the gaseous bubbles can freely rise to meet the liquid currentwithout meeting with any particularly great resistance, while,on the other hand, a greater resistance is opposed to the carrying away of the gase- 6e ous bubbles toward the outflow-opening of the liquid.

In the practical realization of the present invention the division of the gaseous current at the moment it passes into the liquid is obtained by means of a plate provided with ex tremely small perforations, forming the bottom of the apparatus and leaving passage for the gas under pressure Without, however, providing passage for any liquid, (by reason of 7o the iineness of said perforations,) while the gaseous bubbles are prevented from being carried away by the liquid current bly means of 'a perforated screen allowing of the liquid passing out, but constituting for the gaseous bubbles an obstacle Sufficient to cause them to preferably pass toward the natural outlety opening of the gas after having freely passed through the current of liquid.

In the annexed drawing we have shown in 8o vertical section an apparatus constructed according to our invention.

The apparatus is composed of a receptacle or cylinder a of suitable height, in which the water or other liquid to be treated circulates, said Water or liquid being admitted into the upper part through a pipe b. 'The said receptacle u rests upon a part c, to which the outlet-pipe ol for the treated liquid is attached. This part c bears on a tubular or cylindrical 9o part e, in which the pipeffor supplying the gas to be put into contact with the liquid opens. Between the two parts c and e is arranged a bottom g,provided with perforations stance, capable of being red uced to one-twentieihof a millimeter-to prevent the liquid jzo from' flowing from the upper part-into the lower part of the apparatus. The said perforations are provided in the central part of the bottom g under a part or tube t', projecting upward for a short distance into the upper part a of the apparatus. Between the tubular projection 't' and the `wall c is arranged an annular screen 7o, provided on its vertical wall with perforations l, through which the liquid must pass in order to reach the annular chamber m, with which the outlet-pipe d communicates. These perf orations have consequentlya comparatively greater diameterfor instance, about onefourth of a milli- `meter-than thoseroflthe bottom g in order not to oppose a toogreat resistance to the passage of the liquid. from the operation of the apparatus that the conditions specified above are thus fulfilledthat is to say, that the gas passes freely in a line state of division through 4the liquid current without being carried away by the latter toward the-outlet-opening of the liquid.

Indeed the gas under pressure supplied to the apparatus through pipefand filling the part e is divided into exceedingly small` bubbles at the exact moment it passes into the liquid resting on bottom g without being allowed to flow through the small perforations provided in said bottom. The said bubbles, obtained at the expense of only an excess of pressure given tothe gas, are conducted by the tubular projection and Without meeting any particular resistance above the perforations Z of the screw le, through *which the liquid must pass in order to reach the outlet-pipe d. The said bubbles consequently rise freely into the upper part of the apparatus, leaving it, for instance, through an outlet or aperture n. On the contrary, by aid of the screen lo a certain resistance, which is greater 'than that which is opposed to the bubbles flowing'directly to ythe outlet n, is opposed to the gasbubbles, which might be carried away by the liquid current. As a consequence the said bubbles preferably'follow the way opposing the lowest resistance, and thus rise into the upper part of the apparatus after having been retained by aid of the screen lc in such a manner that the liquidpassing through the perforations of the screen to the outlet-pipe d is as free as possiblefrom gaseous bubbles.

It will be observed that nothing would be changed in the operation of the apparatus if the perforated bottom g .would be placed at the upper end of the cylinder part t or if the` parts a c e would form only a single recep:l

, tacle.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is 1. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a first receptacle It is easy to understand fitted with a liquid-inlet pipe, a liquid-outlet Vpipe and a separate gas-outlet, a part'or sec# ond receptacle fitted with a gaslinletand u pon" which rests the first receptacle, means for diy phragm placed in the said receptacle between the ,gas and liquid inlet pipes, the perforations of said diaphragm being of a sufficiently small diameter to prevent the liquid from flowing through said perforatious, but allowing the passage of a current of gas under pressure and a resistance placed before the liquidi outlet pipe and preventing the passage of gaseous bubbles through said pipe, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination of a receptacle fit ted at its upper part with a 1iquidiulet pipe and a gas-outlet and at its lower part with a gasinlet pipe, a perforated diaphragm placed in said receptacle between the liquid and gas inlet pipes and adapted to prevent the iiowing of the liquid through said diaphragm, a liquid-outlet pipe placed near said perforated diaphragm and a perforated screen placed before said liquid-outlet pipe, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a receptacle itted at its upper part with a liquid-inlet pipe IOC' and a gas-outlet and at its lower part with a gasinlet pipe, a perforated diaphragm placed in said receptacle between the liquid and gas inlet pipes and adapted to prevent the flow ing of the liquid through said diaphragm, a liquid-outlet pipe placed near said diaphragm, a perforated screen placed before said liquidoutlet pipe and a tubular projection extendingfrom the perforated diaphragm to above the screen of the liquid-outlet pipe, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination ofa receptacle f1tted at its upper part with a liquid-inlet pipe and a gas-outlet and at its lower part with a gasfinlet pipe, a perforated diaphragm placed in said receptacle between the liquid and gas inlet pipes and fitted with very small perforations adapted to prevent the iowing of the liquid through said diaphragm, a liquid-outlet pipe placed near said perforated diaphragm, a perforated screen forming anannular chamber in which opens said liquid- IIO `outlet pipe, the perforations ofthe said screen t beingof` greater diameter than the perfora` tions` of the perforated diaphragm and a tu,-

"bular projection exteudingffrom theperforated diaphragmto above the screen, suba stantially as described and forthe purpose t set forth. M t V t 

